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Home / Tech / IP Subnet Calculator
Subnetting divides a large network into smaller, more manageable sub-networks. This improves security, reduces congestion, and makes IP address management more efficient.
Key Concepts:
• Network Address: The first IP in the subnet (e.g., 192.168.1.0)
• Broadcast Address: The last IP (e.g., 192.168.1.255)
• Subnet Mask: Defines network vs. host bits (e.g., 255.255.255.0)
• CIDR Notation: Shorthand like /24 instead of 255.255.255.0
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation is a compact way to specify IP addresses and their routing prefix. For example, 192.168.1.0/24 means the first 24 bits are the network portion.
Usable hosts = Total hosts - 2. Subtract the network address and broadcast address. For a /24 subnet (256 total), you have 254 usable host addresses.
/24 provides 256 addresses (254 usable), while /16 provides 65,536 addresses (65,534 usable). The number after the slash indicates how many bits are used for the network portion.
The broadcast address is the last IP in a subnet range. Packets sent to this address are delivered to all hosts on that network. For 192.168.1.0/24, the broadcast is 192.168.1.255.